Define is the first phase in the DMAIC model. During the Define phase, the project’s definition is developed. The project’s definition includes the overall scope, objectives, and goals of the project. It also determines the project leader, team members, sponsor, stakeholders, and schedule.

During the Define phase, the process is also defined. This is accomplished utilizing various tools such as flow charts, process mapping, and SIPOC (Suppliers-Inputs-Process-Outputs-Customers).

Teams are formed during the Define phase. Selecting team members is a critical part of the phase. It is important to determine stakeholders and select at least a portion of the team from this group.

The team leader is a critical roll in any six sigma project. It is the leader’s job to keep the team focused on the stated objective, scope, and goal. The team leader also sets the ground rules and ensures conflicts are minimized and resolved.

Many team members may need “Change Agent” training. Because most people fear change, it is critical for team members to have the ability to “influence change” in a positive manner.

The most commonly used tools in the Define phase include:

> Project Charter
> Flow Charts
> Process Mapping
> Work Breakdown Structure (WBS)
> PERT Charts
> Affinity Diagram
> Nominal Group Technique (NGT)
> Prioritization Matrix
> Gannt Charts
> Voice of the Customer (VOC)
> CT Trees (Critical to Quality, Critical to Schedule, etc)
> Pareto Charts
> Rolled Throughput Yield (RTY)
> Kano Model